Thursday, August 16, 2012
B.A PUNJAB UNIVERSITY 2012
ENGLISH (Group II) MARKS:
100
PAPER – A TIME:
3½ HOUR
Important Note: All parts
of a question must be attempted together at one place, otherwise you may not
get any credit. Over-attempts will not be marked.
All questions
carry equal marks.
1. Explain with reference to the context
any THREE of the following. 7,6½,6½
i. I
will drain
Long draughts of quiet
As a purgation.
Reference:
These lines have
been taken from the poem “New Year Resolutions” by “Elizabeth Sewell”.
Context:
In this poem the
poetess discusses about her plans. She says she is repenting on her past life
and determines to change herself in future.
Explanation:
In these lines
the poetess is making the planes of the future life and says that she will
remain quiet and calm in future. She will not speak anymore in future. She will
behave as if she had taken the long draughts of quiet. It will purify her life
and she will be more careful in her coming life. Actually the poetess is of the
view that she speaks much in her life and she thinks that more speaking is not
good and others do not like it to speak more. So she has determined not to
speak too much.
ii. Paid
by the world, what dost thou owe Me?...
God might question;
now instead,
'Tis God shall repay:
I am safer so.
Reference:
These lines have
been taken from the poem “Patriot into Traitor” by “Robert Browning”.
Context:
In this poem the
poet discusses about thoughts of the people who made thought him to be patriot
and then they made him as a traitor. He is taken to the shamble.
Explanation:
In these lines
the poet describes about the behavior of the people. He says that he did not
want to get any reward from those unkind people. He says that God will reward
him much than the people will give him so he needs only the reward from God. He
says the people have taken him towards shamble but God will award him Paradise.
So the poet is satisfied that he has to meet with his God and is happy.
iii. The
apparition of these faces in the crowd;
Petals on a wet black
bough.
Reference:
These lines have
been taken from the poem Images and Impressions and Metro: Paris written by Ezra
Pound.
Context:
In this poem the
poet describes about the station and people gathering around the station.
Explanation:
In these lines
the poet discusses about the gathering people around the railway station. He
says that there are faces and faces everywhere on the station. The poet says
that when he saw around he felt that children, women and men are there and they
look like shadows. They look like splotches of colour. The long, empty
cylinder-like station appears to be like a wet black bow and the faces of
people look like petals.
iv. We
are acquainted with the Wallaby’s. We knew the place quite well before their
time. Decent people lived there once.
Reference:
These lines have
been taken from the play “Something to talk about” written by “Eden Phillpotts”.
Context:
In this play the
writer discusses about the dull situation in a family where a burglar enters
and tries to open a safe where the whole of the family takes interest in his
work. At last the burglar goes with the hope to enter another rich family for
robbing.
Explanation:
In these lines
the writer describes the sayings of Bishop. Bishop says that he is familiar
with the Wallaby’s. He knows what type of Wallaby’s is. Also Bishop says that
they know about the place already and also there live well-mannered people to
whom they know in a well way.
v. Some time before you go home you can unleash
your views of me. But not now, not till I know you've thought over something
I'm going to tell you
Q.2 Attempt any TWO of the
following questions.
(Each answer in about 150–200 words)
i. Write a note on Ole Anderson's sickness with life. (The
killers)
Ans. Ole Anderson is not a sick person rather he is a tired person.
When Nick went to tell him about the killers who wanted to kill him he himself
said, “I am through with all that running around.” The Old Anderson was wrestler and daily went
to the Henry’s lunch-room. On day particular day he did not go there and the
killers arrived there and waited for him. They wanted to kill him without any
reason. When Nick went to tell him about his murder plan he told Nick that he
would not go out of the room.
He lay on the
bed with two pillows but he has no any fear of death. It seems as if he has no
any type of enmity with anyone but others have some of the hate due to which he
has been attacked many times. He ran against these attacks many times and is
tired of it. Now he does not want to hide anywhere. He wanted to face the death
with courage. He has sickness with life.
ii. How the murderer in the story is forced to confess his
crime? (Tell-Tale Heart)
Ans. The
murderer in the story is forced to confess his crime by staying with him much
time. The policemen sat in the same room with him where the dead person was
hidden. The policemen talked with him about the murder and the shriek but the
murderer did not show any type of murder. He told them that nothing happened
there. He satisfied the policemen but they stayed there for a long time to
investigate the actual fact. While they stayed there the murderer felt that
there is sound of the heartbeat of the corpse. He tried to control himself but
could not do so. He began to talk with loud voice. The heartbeat was becoming
louder and louder. The policemen were unaware of it but the murderer was
becoming uneasiness. At last he confessed that he is the killer and he has
killed the old man. He even showed the policemen the dead body under the floor.
It was his fear that forced him to confess his crime. He could not hide the
real facts of the murder.
iii. Simon keeps the willow as a token of Lisby's love which gives
him solace and strength before and at the time of death. Discuss (The Little
Willow)
Ans. Simon
keeps the willow as a token of Lisby’s love and it gives him solace and
strength before and at the time of death. He Dr. Captain Oliver had seen Simon
dying in the hospital. He told Lisby that Simon loved that girl who gave him
the little willow. Now Lisby could not control herself. She burst into tears
and cried that she was that girl. It was sad for Lisby that Simon did not avowal
of love before her but at the time of death he spoke.
She came to know
that Mr. Simon was in love with her and he kept her give present with him. She
was also told that Simon kept the little willow with him all the time and it
gave him solace and strength. Even at the time of death he had that little
willow with him. He loved it much as it was given to him by his lover.
iv. Write a detailed note on the nature of
conflict between Philip and James. (The Boy comes Home)
Ans. There
was a great conflict between Philip and James. Both have symbolic
representation in the play. Philip is the symbol of young generation and the
uncle is the symbol of old generation. Philip cannot bear his uncle James and Uncle
James cannot bear his nephew Philips. Old uncle has old views and wants to
implement these views on others in the home. He wants every person including
Philips to follow his orders. He has his old traditional habits. Where Philips
has new ideas and modern ways to lead his life. He has come after fighting war.
He did not want to follow the old customs and traditions. So there becomes a
conflict between them. Both of them want to fulfill their own expectations but
each one of them deny to the other. In this way there comes a conflict.
Q.3 Attempt any TWO of the following questions.
(Each answer in about 150–200 words)
i. How specific is the writer about what she expected to see? Does she
suggest this expectation without stating them? (The Eclipse)
Ans. In the modern essay “The Eclipse” The
Author Virginia Wolf is describing some expectations without stating them.
Actually She is not describing about the eclipse rather eclipse is the symbol
in this essay. She actually is describing some facts of life. She tells us that
life in this world is temporary and will be lost in the end. She gave a symbol
of sun as a symbol of life. When there is sun there is life and when there is
no sun there is no life. Death prevails everywhere. There is an unnecessary
fear in the people. They are afraid of eclipse but when eclipse ends the fear
also ends. So we can say that the authoress is stating some specific
expectations and is also suggesting these expectations without stating them.
ii. How does Gloria Emerson maintain the focus on her feelings throughout the
essay? Do these feelings change? (Take the Plunge)
Ans. Gloria Emerson maintains the focus on her feelings throughout the
essay. In her essay she has described her feelings of flight. She has totally
focused on the feelings and has not described any other example instance that
can make the reader out of the way. So it can be said that she knew how to
write an essay. She is professional and described her feelings in such a way as
if the reader is himself with the writer. She sketched the picture of her
plunge. She discusses foretime preparations and then other people reactions on
it. Then she described about her travel in the plane. Afterwards she has
discussed about the plunge from the plane. She totally keeps her mind on the
topic and does not wonder around during the description.
iii. Critically examine Forster's views on
tolerance. (Tolerance).
Ans. In
this essay the writer gives her view about tolerance in the reconstruction of
the world after World War II.
According to the
writer, two things are needed for building the European nations. First is the
sound state of mind and the second is tolerance.
The writer
points out that Second World War has brought great destruction in its wake. The
pubic leaders, politicians, economists and traders are putting forward their
views to rebuild Europe.
According to the
writer, the real solution to the problem is psychological and not political or
economic. All planning and policies of reconstruction can only succeed if there
is proper state of mind behind it. England can be made beautiful if the people
of England build every street and every house of England with devotion and
motivation. The second thing for the reconstruction of England is tolerance.
He is of the
opinion that we can restore peace and order once again in the world if we
practice tolerance with one another. Tolerance is a great virtue that can
reconstruct human civilization once again.
According to the
writer, people talk much about the reconstruction of their country or nation.
They forget that they cannot build their nation unless they have a sound state
of mind or right psychology.
In public
affairs, nations do not know much about one another. In the rebuilding of
civilization, less dramatic and less emotional thing is needed. In his view, it
is tolerance.
iv. What are Russell's views about Science and Values? (Science and Values)
Ans. This
essay is a part of Russell’s book. “The Impact of Science and Society”. Here he
throws light on the relation between science and society. He says that science
can be used to know this world as well as to change this world. When science is
used to change the world, the result may be good or bad. Value men as some
principle or quality that is valuable and desirable in itself. Science is
closely related to values in the sense that its use can result in good or bad
things, desirable or undesirable things, and happiness of mankind or suffering
of mankind. Then Russell suggests how man should use science. If used unwisely,
it can intensify Tyranny and war. If used wisely, it can confer two kinds of benefits.
It can diminish bad things, and it can increase good things.
Q.4 Attempt any TWO of the following questions.
(Each answer in about 150–200 words)
i. Write
a character sketch of the woman depicted in the poem. Is an idealization of
some kind necessary for our survival as sane human beings? (Woman’s Work).
Ans. The
woman mentioned in this poem is very hard working. She gets up very early in
the morning. She prepares breakfast cleans the floor, feeds the children,
presses the clothes, and buys foodstuff from the bazaar. She is very patient
and never grumbles during her work. She is imaginative also. She has her dreams
of an ideal life. She yearns to go outside and enjoy sunshine, rain, winds, dew
drops. She thinks of the mountains, the oceans, the trees, the star shine and
moon glow. Such idealization is necessary in life. It saves us from the boring
effect of our routine life and keeps us sane.
ii. Discuss
in detail the use of elements of suspense and irony in The Huntsman. (The
Huntsman).
Ans. The
poem “The Huntsman” by “Edward Lowbury” is full of suspense and irony. In this
poem the poet discusses an example of a huntsman and creates a suspense that
goes to the end of the story.
Suspense means a
state of uncertain expectation. “Irony” is a situation of which the result is
quite contrary to our expectation. In this poem, the poet has made an effective
use of the elements of suspense and irony. There is the element of suspense
because the poem keeps the interest of the reader up to the very last. We do not
know what will happen next. There is also the element of irony because the
huntsman expected a prize but instead he is killed.
The reader of
the poem remains in suspense till the last of the poem and remains curious to
know what happens the next. But at that time when he finds that the men of the
king killed the huntsman then he becomes very sad and feels sorry for him. This
is a great irony that the reader finds.
iii. Write
down a critical appreciation of the sonnet, "When I Have Fears".
Ans. The
poet of this poem named John Keats died at the very young age. The theme of the
poem is the fear of early death. This poem is autobiographical. The poet was
suffering from T.B. He knew that his death was near. The theme of this sonnet
is fear of death. He fears that he may die young before writing all his poetry,
before giving shape to his ideas. Death will deprive him of the beauty of
Nature and the beauty of his beloved. Then he expresses his indifference to
love and fame. On the whole the poem is very beautiful. We share the feelings
of the poet.
iv. Make a comparison
between Tartary and Kubla Khan.
Ans. Both
the poems “Tartary and Kubla Khan are imaginative poems. In both of the poems
the poets have wished some of the unnaturally things. The Wishes that could not
be fulfilled are made by the poets in these poems.
In the poem
Tartary the poet Walter De La Mare is describing about the land somewhere in
the east. The poet wishes to go to this land and be its ruler. Then he thinks
of what he will have there. He says by being the lord of Tartary, he would
enjoy sleep on beds made of ivory. He would sit on a throne made of gold.
The poem Kubla
Khan by Coleridge is the best poem of the poet. Though it is a fragment, it is
the most satisfying poem of Coleridge. It does not contain any profound idea;
its beauty lies in its atmosphere. In this poem the poet relates that Kubla
Khan, the first Mongol Emperor of China, ordered a magnificent pleasure house
to be built a Xandau. It was to be built near the scared river Aleph. The area
of ten miles of fertile ground was enclosed with wall and towers. The river ran
into a lifeless ocean amidst wild noise. Kubla Khan heard voices of his dead
ancestors telling him that war was near. The palace he built was a strong one.
It was a miracle of care device.
Therefore it can
be said here that comparatively both the poems are imaginary. In these poems
the poets have seen about the dreams of which could not be fulfilled easily.
Both the poems have described some of the fairy atmosphere. The reader sees
that in both the poems the unnecessary wishes have been shown and are not to be
fulfilled in the real world.
The Old Man and the Sea by Hemingway
Q.5 Attempt any TWO of the following questions.
(Each answer in about 150–200 words)
i. The
Old man fights against the Marlin to the very end without being despaired.
Discuss.
Ans. Santiago
was an old fisherman. Once for 84 days, he could catch no fish. On the 85th
day, he went far out into the sea. At noon he was able to hook a big Marlin.
After a struggle of 48 hours, he was able to kill the fish. He was able to
defeat the fish in three stages.
At the first
stage, he saw the stick dip sharply. He at once learnt that a big fish was
eating the bait. Then he felt a hard pull. The big fish swam off with the bait
in its mouth. Santiago learnt against this pull and weight of the fish. Four
hours passed but the fish was swimming steadily towards the North-East. The old
man solidly braced with the line across his back. At sunset time it was still
the same. He softly said, aloud, “Fish, I’ll stay with you until I am dead”.
At the second
stage, near the noon of the second day, the line rose slowly and steadily. Then
ahead of the boat, the fish came up. The old man saw that the marlin was two
feet longer than the skiff. But he was not afraid. He cried aloud: “But I will
kill you before this day ends”.
At the third
stage, on the morning of the third day, the Marlin rose again. Now it was tired
and weak. It was tired and weak. It began to circle the boat. The old man tried
to pull the fish close enough for harpooning, but in vain. His hands were
pulped and he was nearly blind with fatigue. Yet he decided to make a final
attempt on the ninth circle. He forgot his pain, gathered his strength and put
it against the power of the fish. The fish came over on to his side and swam
gently. Its bill was almost touching the planks of the skiff.
The old man
lifted the harpoon as high as he could and drove it down with all his strength
into the fish’s side. The fish rose high out of water. Then it fell into the
water with a crash. The old man saw the fish on its back with its silver belly
up. He had killed the fish. The first forty-eight hours of struggle were over.
ii. Discuss the ending
of the novel.
Ans. This
novel has a tragic ending. Some of the critics and readers have objected to
this end of the novel. According to them, the story takes us nowhere. In the
first part of the story, the old man struggles against the big fish and gains
it. In the last part of the story, the old man fights against the sharks and
loses the big fish. So this story of great gain and great loss is esthetically
satisfying.
The writer has a
purpose in writing this story. He is not concerned mainly with the good or bad
end. He wants to show that life is a contest, a battle that requires skill and
courage. The value of a life does not depend on success on failure. Greatness
lies in continuous struggle and indomitable will. The old man loses the battle
he has won. But he does not lose heart. He says: “Man is not made for defeat. A
man can be destroyed but cannot be defeated.” Without the present end of the
story, the writer could not have explained his point.
iii. Narrate
the hand game competition between the Old Man and the Negro.
Ans. The
old man remembered the time in the public house of Casablanca where he had
played the hand game with the great Negro from Cienfuegos. He was the strongest
man on the ducks. The trial of strength between the Negro and Santiago lasted
one day and one night. There was a table in the house. A chalk line was drawn
on it. They raised their arms straight up and gripped each other’s hand
tightly. Each one was trying down the hand of the other on the table. There
were many spectators. The room was lighted. The spectators betted. They went in
and out of the room. Santiago looked at the arms and the hands of the Negro and
at his face.
Both the
contestants were strong. They exerted all their strength. The result was that
blood came out from under the fingernails of both. They looked each other in
the eye and at their hands.
The chances in favour
or against would change back and forth all night. Peoples served the Negro rum
and lighted a cigarette for him. After drinking rum, the Negro put in added
strength. There was a time when Santiago was near to defeat but the old man
raised his hand again. The old man released all his strength and forced the
hand of the Negro down. Now Santiago was the champion. There was a return
match, but the Negro has been sufficiently demoralised.
iv. What were Santiago's
views about his failure?
Ans. The old man keeps up his spirits when the
hunted fish is attacked by the sharks. He fights with the sharks and kills them
with his knife, harpoon and later on with his club. But he couldn’t beat the
sharks during the way to the coast due to his loneliness “I wish I had the boy.
To help me and see this.” The sharks take away the best part of the hunted fish
but he is not disappointed. He encourages himself saying, “Do not think old
man. Sail on this course and take it when it comes”. In the end, he sleeps
peacefully and dreams of lions. He asks the boy to prepare his fishing gear as
he wants to go on another expedition this time with him. All this shows that
the old man sustains his hope and optimism till the end of the novel.
Thursday, August 16, 2012 by Unknown · 10
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